Our Family History

The Genealogy of Robert and Christina Barritt

1793 - 1819 (26 years)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1793	1793: Great Britain - Economic depression 1793: Great Britain - Speculative 'Canal Bubble' bursts 1793: Great Britain - Board of Agriculture formed to popularise new methods and machinery 1793: Great Britain - Britain becomes foremost world trader during period to 1815 1793: Great Britain - Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin which efficiently separates cotton fibers from the seeds, allowing one person to do a job once done by 50 people. This profoundly changes the economics of raising cotton, revitalizing slavery in the American South. 1 Feb 1793: Great Britain - France declares war on Britain
2	1794	1794: Great Britain - Erasmus Darwin, Charles' grandfather, proposed that 'warm-blooded animals have arisen from one living filament...possessing the faculty of continuing to improve by its own inherent activity, and of delivering those improvements by generation to its posterity.' 1794: Great Britain - Metric system introduced in France 1794: Great Britain - More lower-class radicalism, Habeas Corpus suspended again, instigators charged with treason, in Scotland found guilty and transported 1794: Great Britain - Welshman Philip Vaughan invents ball bearings. 1794: Great Britain - Total of 40,000 British troops die in West Indies in war with France over two year period 1 Jun 1794: Great Britain - Howe defeats French fleet at Ushant
3	1795	1795: Great Britain - The 'Speenhamland' system of outdoor relief is adopted, making wages up to equal the cost of subsistence 1795: Ireland - Near-civil war between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland, erupts in 1798, takes nearly a year to suppress 1795: Great Britain - New Treason and Sedition Act passed 1795: Great Britain - Francois Appert invents the preserving jar for food.
4	1796	1796: Great Britain - Edward Jenner investigated the folk tale that milk maids were immune to small pox, the virus variola major, and in a brief series of experiments confirmed that exposure to cow pox, the virus vaccinia, rendered immunity 1796: Italy - General Napoleon Bonaparte appears on scene, attacks Austrian armies 1796: Ceylon - British conquer Ceylon
5	1797	1797: Europe - All Europe makes peace with France save Britain, sea battle off Cape St. Vincent (off Spanish coast), Jervis and Nelson (then Captain) utterly defeat big French and Spanish fleet 1797: Great Britain - Royal Navy sailors at Spithead and the Nore mutiny over deplorable conditions 1797: USA - John Adams president of the USA 1797-1801. 1797: Great Britain - A British inventor, Henry Maudslay invents the first metal or precision lathe. 1797: Great Britain - Wittemore patents a carding machine. 1797: Great Britain - John Hetherington in London develops the top hat. 1797: Great Britain - Major Dubied purchased the formula for an 'absinthe elixir' and together with his son, Henri-Louis Pernod sets up an absinthe factory in Switzerland.
6	1798	1798: Great Britain - Thomas Robert Malthus, in his Essay on the Principle of Population, contended that population increses by a geometric ratio whereas the means of subsistence increase by an arithmetic ratio. 1798: Great Britain - Introduction of An income tax of ten percent on incomes over 1798: Egypt - Battle of the Nile, Napoleon's Mediterranean fleet smashed 1798: Ireland - Catholic uprising 1798: Great Britain - Wordsworth and Coleridge publish Lyrical Ballads 1798: Great Britain - Franco-American Naval War: United States vs France 1798-1800. 1798: Great Britain - Aloys Senefelder invents lithography. 1798: Great Britain - The first soft drink id invented.
7	1799	1799: Great Britain - Trade Unions are suppressed. Napoleon is appointed First Consul in France 1799: France - Napoleon is appointed First Consul in France 1799: Great Britain - Three-year commercial boom in Britain begins 1799: France - Napoleon becomes President of France; amendments to Treason and Sedition Act 1799: Great Britain - Alessandro Volta invents the battery. 1799: Great Britain - Louis Robert invents the Fourdrinier Machine for sheet paper making. 1799: Great Britain - Deaths among women 1 in 913, children 1 in 115. For the first time London birth rate passes death rate, continues until introduction of water closet deposits effluence in Thames (source of potable water) and typhoid returns 1799: Great Britain - Eliza Acton Born. She wrote the first cookbook for the housewife, rather than for the professional chef. 1799: France - Joseph-Louis Proust, a French chemist, extracted sugar from grapes, and proved it identical to sugar extracted from honey.
8	1800	1800: UK - Act of Union with Ireland unites Parliaments of England and Ireland 1800: UK - Battle of Copenhagen, Napoleon's Danish fleet decimated 1800: Ireland - After Catholic rebellion in Ireland Pitt proposes one Parliament for both countries, but King George refuses, Pitt resigns; Sir Joseph Banks introduces voltaic battery 1800: UK - Sir Joseph Banks introduces voltaic battery 1800: UK - Robert Owen buys mills at New Lanark, turns into successful humane model 1800: France - Frenchman J.M. Jacquard invents the Jacquard Loom. 1800: UK - Over 20 miles of railway tracks laid 1800: UK - Over a ten year period, 30 acres of new docks are built in London, which becomes the greatest port in the world 1800: UK - Over the coming century, approx. 1 million people emigrate from Britain. 50,000 are prisoners transported to Maryland or Botany Bay 1800: USA - William Young in Philadelphia offers shoes made for the left and the right foot.
9	1801	1801: UK - The first British Census is undertaken 1801: UK - Population of England and Wales now 10 million, Great Britain estimated at 11 million, biggest increases in North and West Midlands, London now 1 million plus, Manchester 137,201, Glasgow and Edinburgh 100,000 plus, England has 8 towns larger than 50,000, 6 of them in the North; Lord Dundas travels on Scottish canal in small steamboat - beginning of steamboat travel 1801: UK - Tripolitan War 1801-1805. Barbary Wars: also fought in 1815. United States vs Morocco, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli 1801-1805. 1801: USA - Thomas Jefferson president of the USA 1801-1809.
10	1802	1802: UK - Peace with France is established. Peel introduces the first factory legislation 1802: UK - Ineffective Treaty of Amiens signed with French
11	1803	1803: UK - Beginning of the Napoleonic Wars. Britain declares war on France. Parliament passes the General Enclosure Act, simplifying the process of enclosing common land 1803: UK - Parliament passes the General Enclosure Act, simplifying the process of enclosing common land 1803: UK - Threat of French invasion causes flood of volunteers, army of half a million fielded during period to 1805
12	1804	1804: France - Napoleon crowned Emperor of France 1804: UK - John Dalton establishes atomic theory 1804: UK - Richard Trevithick, an English mining engineer, developed the first steam-powered locomotive. 1804: UK - Freidrich Winzer (Winsor) was the first person to patent gas lighting.
13	1805	1805: UK - Ludolf Christian Treviranus said that spermatozoa were analogous to pollen 21 Oct 1805: UK - Battle of Trafalgar, Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson trounces French and Spanish fleets for Britain, is mortally wounded; John Wilkinson expires, buried in iron coffin
14	1806	1806: Africa - Cape Colony passes under British control 1806: UK - Louis Nicolas Vauquelin and Pierre Jean Robiquet isolated the first amino acid, asparagine' from asparagus. 1806: UK - Sir Humphry Davy discovers sodium, magnesium, potassium, many other metals, and chlorine 23 Jan 1806: UK - Death of Pitt the Younger
15	1807	1807: UK - Trading in slaves made illegal in England by work of Wilberforce 1807: UK - William Bentinck, Duke of Portland Prime Minister to 1809 (Whig) 1807: USA - Robert Fulton ushered in the era of self-propelled ships with his construction of a commercially viable paddle-wheel steamboat
16	1808	1808: Peninsular War to drive the French out of Spain (until 1814) 1808: Portugal - Battle of Vimeiro is a British victory; British casualties less than 40,000 dead
17	1809	1809: UK - Two-year commercial boom in Britain 1809: USA - James Madison president of the USA 1809-1817. 1809: UK - Sir Humphry Davy invents the first electric light - the first arc lamp. 1809: UK - Grain famine each of the years to 1812
18	1810	1810: UK - Final illness of George III begins 1810: Germany - Frederick Koenig invents an improved printing press. 1810: UK - Over the next decade the death rate in England and Wales reaches 21.1 in 1000
19	1811	1811: UK - Depression caused by Orders of Council. 1811: UK - George III's illness leads to his son, the Prince of Wales, becoming Regent 1811: UK - Ned Ludd leads rioters who smash machinery, burn factories, followers known as Luddites 1811: UK - Birth rate falls all over England during the next 20 years
20	1812	1812: France - Georges Cuvier, in Discours sur les r 1812: UK - Prime Minister Spencer Perceval is assassinated in the House of Commons by a disgruntled bankrupt 1812: Russia - Napoleon attacks Russia, defeated 1812: London, UK - Cylinder Printing press invented and adopted by The Times 1812: USA - War of 1812: United States vs Great Britain 1812-1815.
21	1813	1813: UK - Canned food was invented for the British Navy by Peter Durand. The cans were made of solid iron and usually weighed more than the food inside them 1813: UK - Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is published. 1813: India - The monopolies of the East India Company are abolished 1813: Portugal - British victory at Battle of Vittorio 1813: UK - 2300 power looms in use, by 1833 - 100,000 1813: USA - Creek War: United States vs Creek Indians 1813-1814.
22	1814	1814: France - Napoleon abdicates, exiled to Isle of Elba 1814: UK - George Stephenson designs a steam locomotive. 1814: UK - Joseph von Fraunhofer invents the spectrocope for the chemical analysis of glowing objects. 1814: UK - The first plastic surgery is performed
23	1815	1815: Europe - Peace is established in Europe at the Congress of Vienna. 1815: UK - The Corn Laws are passed by Parliament to protect British agriculture from cheap imports 1815: UK - Start of two-year commercial boom in Britain 1815: UK - England has now 2600 miles of canals, 500 in Scotland and Ireland; China clippers take 109 days to sail 15000 miles from Canton to English Channel; Britain's population estimated at 13 million; Britain imports 82 million pounds of raw cotton, by 1860 1000 million pounds; coal output 16 million tons (30 miillion by 1835, 50 million by 1848) 1815: UK - Sir Humphry Davy invents the miner's lamp. 1815: UK - Over the next fifteen years, five new states are founded along Mississippi Valley, mostly due to people fleeing Depression; more go to Canada, as many as 20,000 some years, frequently Scots Mar 1815: Elba, France - Napoleon escapes, leads French in war once more 18 Jun 1815: Belgium - Duke of Wellington trounces the French at Waterloo with timely help of Blucher (Prussia)
24	1816	1816: UK - Violation of game laws can result in seven years transportation
25	1817	1817: UK - Economic slump in Britain leads to the 'Blanketeers' March' and other disturbances 1817: USA - James Monroe president of the USA 1817-1825.
26	1818	1818: UK - Mary Shelley publishes her Frankenstein 1818: India - Britain defeats Maratha, now effective ruler of India
27	1819	1819: UK - Troops intervene at a mass political reform meeting in Manchester, killing and wounding four hundred people at the 'Peterloo Massacre' 1819: UK - Singapore founded as free trade port 1819: UK - Samuel Fahnestock patents a 'soda fountain'

Our Family History

The Genealogy of Robert and Christina Barritt

Anna Barbara KROPF